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Best organochlorine solvent
Perchloroethylene
Perchloroethylene is the best organochlorine solvent!
Perchloroethylene is an organic substance, a chlorine derivative of ethane and ethylene with the formula C2Cl4. The chemical name is 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene. In Europe, this reagent is called tetrachloroethylene. It is obtained by artificial synthesis.
Features：
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene is a transparent dense liquid with a sharp ether perchloroethylene odor, fluid. Does not burn, does not support gorenje, does not explode. It is almost insoluble in water; it is easily mixed with organic solvents, for example, with ethyl and methyl alcohol, acetic and formic acid, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, etc. It is itself a solvent for oils, fats, wax and similar substances.
Perchloroethylene is the most stable reagent among the chlorine derivatives of ethane and ethylene. Reacts with oxygen, chlorine, water, hydrogen. By the reaction of perchloroethylene with chlorine and hydrogen fluoride, freon 113 is obtained. Interaction with water leads to the formation of trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid.
Precautions：
Chemical reagent belongs to the 3rd class of danger, has a narcotic effect, is toxic, it absolutely cannot be swallowed. Prolonged inhalation of vapors or ingestion leads to irritation of the respiratory tract, negative effects on the central nervous system, damage to internal organs, including kidneys and liver.Contact of perchloroethylene with the skin is undesirable, since it can penetrate through the skin and be absorbed into the blood. It has an irritating effect on the skin and mucous membrane of the eyes, with regular contact with the skin it can cause dermatitis.
Short-term inhalation of vapors of the substance has a narcotic effect; causes headaches, agitation, dizziness, loss of coordination of movements, increased sweating. Then there is weakness, nausea, drowsiness up to loss of consciousness.
Working with perchloroethylene requires taking precautions. Experiments with the substance should be carried out in a fume hood. Workers should use skin, eye, and respiratory protection.
The reagent is transported in aluminum barrels of 200 liters or railway tanks. They are stored in barrels in covered warehouses, in which supply and exhaust ventilation must be installed.
Application：
- More than half of all produced Perchloroethylene perchloroethylene a is used in dry cleaners for dry cleaning of clothes.
- In mechanical engineering and metallurgy for degreasing metal surfaces, washing industrial units.
- At enterprises producing needles for disposable syringes.
- As a raw material in the chemical industry for the synthesis of refrigerants (freon 113), trichloroacetic acid, active dyes.
- In the leather industry for the manufacture of skins and furs.
- In radio electronics for cleaning photopolymer printed circuit boards.
- As a universal multifunctional solvent.
- In the textile, woodworking industry.
Advantages of perchloroethylene as a solvent and cleaner：
It does not require strict safety measures, because it does not burn, does not ignite and does not explode.Perfectly dissolves all organic impurities from clothes.
Easily penetrates into all fibers, quickly decomposes dirt.
Does not destroy the fibers of most tissues.
Does not cause color damage on fabrics.
It quickly erodes, does not leave any residual odors of processing.
Does not have a corrosive effect on equipment parts.
Scope of application：
- In oil refining (at large refineries, NHCs), stabilized perchloroethylene is used for regeneration (restoration of properties) of catalysts and catalyzing elements in oil purification systems;
- as an inert solvent that is capable of dissolving a significant amount of substances of organic origin;
- tetrachloroethylene is used as a universal means for degreasing metal surfaces in mechanical engineering, in the field of instrumentation (for example, for degreasing surfaces, including metal ones, for washing industrial devices), in the textile industry (for example, in the manufacture of leather and fur) and in the field of woodworking, in the production of freons and various active dyes;
- as a universal solvent in the processing of photopolymer printed circuit boards, as well as in the production of needles for disposable syringes in the medical industry;
- in the form of one of the constituent compositions intended for flushing paints;
- as an intermediate (a substance that is formed intermediately during the conversion of reagents into final reaction products) in the production of refrigerants;
- as an intermediate during the reaction of obtaining trichloroacetic acid;
- it is used as an extracting agent when removing caffeine from coffee.